My Chinese Heart mm recorded my experiences and feelings of ordinary
red when the 2008 Olympic Games wind comes, I never cared about the sport began to show concern for the daily live Olympic events, especially the performance of Chinese athletes excellent diving, basketball games, on the advice of friends started watching diving and basketball, but still see some get it, sitting in front of the TV desperately applauded, cheered, beat red my hands. When the red flag in the Olympic games time and time again, when rising, along with the acoustic power of the national anthem, my heart again and again the stirring of emotion! of the motherland, I am proud of you! look at the gold medal China has always been the top row, we are pleased Fucking around the world are descendants of the Chinese people as we are a proud! country strong, and the East Lion at last began to roar issued sturdy! CHINA overnight spread the word to every corner of the earth, to people around the world have left a deep impression! let the world know China and China to the world! Chinese people opened their arms warm welcome friends from all over!
and fortunate that we live in the capital Beijing, feeling that patriotic feelings were, of course, extraordinarily profound experience!
remember I was 20 years ago, first set foot on this land in Beijing. ancient majestic Great Wall, the Royal extravagance of the Forbidden City, Summer Palace gave the picturesque little I have left a deep impression. These are the history of Beijing, is China's five thousand years of ancient civilization of the witness; From then on, I began to sprout in my heart a simple and strong desire, will come to Beijing . As the years change, when that silly little girl yet ten years old, now is a twenty-year-old career women. from a small town, went to Beijing. This is the middle through 20 Spring and Autumn, the capital of the motherland mm Beijing, has been branded in my heart a deep imprint.
wear a red scarf from the first grade, joined the Young Pioneers oath that moment, the teacher taught us a good study, day day up, will learn the skills to serve the motherland. home to see comic books, screen, the famous national hero Yue Fei's back, stabbed by his mother on the words: Loyalty to serve the country. At that time, the honor of fighting for the country's concept of deeply imprinted in my mind them.
primary school, when my father went to school in Hefei, my mother took me to see my father. We saw the tomb of Yue Fei's four hands are tied behind the bad knees, they are Qin Hui, Qin's wife Wang, Zhang Jun, Wan Qi. my father taught me to strive to be a good person, doing good for the people, will Liufangqiangu, otherwise the same as the four villains, notoriety. Do not make any degrading of national and ethnic thing, do not become bad guys against the state, all accused of being after death, cast aside. this vivid journey patriotic education, let me firmly in mind in the heart.
on the junior high, I proudly joined the Chinese Communist Youth League organization. music teacher taught us to sing, Yue Fei's song The full emotional, tears. people become the country's Dongliangzhicai before their actions can serve the motherland.
high school, I chose to study medicine, hoping that they can in more people to help save lives, relieve the pain of others. In my The University is located in Tangshan mm, I saw zhao memorial statue, to understand his life, a struggle for the victory of the revolution, only 38 years old proletarian revolutionaries of heroic martyrdom, his happiness to more people, fearless sacrificed their precious lives, people awe.
graduated from college, I went to Plastic Surgery Hospital in Beijing. Located at the foot of the Western Hills, a beautiful, classical-style garden buildings of the top three specialty hospitals, interview when I suddenly fell in love with here. From then on, and forged a bond in this hospital.
blink of an eye, have been working here for five years.
five years time, I experienced many changes. sixtieth anniversary of the founding of the big environment change, the rapid development of countries, the people lived a prosperous life, RMB appreciation, the success of Shenzhou VII ascended to heaven, a hundred years the success of the Olympic Games; we also changes in the development of the hospital, the hospital's total revenue continues to rise, new look of the room, the courtyard of a key reform of the implementation of incentives, in 2008 the fiftieth anniversary of our hospital Anniversary, well-known domestic and foreign experts to visit affirmed the hospital's leading position in the plastic industry hh really make me very proud!
implemented in itself, is the stringent requirements of their own. the State, units to be developed, and personal development are inseparable. with more and more knowledgeable to arm themselves, to accumulate experience in practice.
to come here especially in the treatment of every patient seeking treatment service attitude, our actions words and deeds, like the butterfly effect, as virtually every every moment when produced in large and small impact on the surrounding. I studied psychology, enrolled in the national secondary counselor certificate and use it in practical work to help regulate their own state of mind at the same time better help patients deal with their emotions, coordination of physician-patient relationship.
building a harmonious society requires the participation and efforts of everyone! My Chinese heart, may not be reflected in the vigorous national affairs, but in my growth and development process, I also share the progress and proud of the motherland. as an ordinary person, I spend my day doing extraordinary things. quietly happy with the progress of the motherland, silently happy with the pride of being a Chinese.
homeland in my heart, these words are already melting in daily life. descendants of every one of us, every day, all with their own actions, contribute to the development of the motherland! This is our newborn baby heart, we have a Chinese heart!
motherland, mother, I bless you! With a Chinese heart, everywhere I go, we always are your children, I wish you a happy birthday!
Plastic He Yuanlu
a subject
Thursday, December 30, 2010
Wednesday, December 29, 2010
Goat Grill
Must work through a long day on the street. During the day there is a quiet walk way, the evening will be busy, full of people, became a residential area in the downtown. Sale of sound, car horns and a variety of hybrid sound of a noisy, I also think at this time favorite. street lined with various restaurants and food stalls flavor, food makers are the best grass-roots habitat.
passed a barbecue restaurant every day, I have also tried a friend to this, and now can not remember what it is, and so easy to get people to forget, I want to be like a general taste. remember that day, I passed the store as usual. Low his head to think while on the move, and suddenly felt something around there is a mass of moving, really shocked, a closer look is actually two white goats were tethered on the roadside of the street, then in addition to not think too much tension , with the fastest speed to leave the only zoo in the television and there are only met twice in the rural areas things.
passing day, I watch a bit tied to the direction of the sheep, tied to the two previously sheep left one, in which more than the wood next to a chair, on which stood a sheep's head and a yellow orange red with blood and animal fat mixed with the goat, see Zhi Jiaoren nausea. I was taken aback. Look at that I am not a sheep's head, not daring to watch the sheep slaughtered during the final expression has remained to the present. only know that the other sheep at the stretch the ropes helplessly back and forth around the street , and still the screams of the issue of misery.
see all kinds of people out front grill; see their human companions were killed, as human food dish; that myself in the near future will fall into the same fate with their peers, a helpless goat's heart, in addition to panic at this time what?
to make it clear: I will not eat meat from the soft-hearted to a, chewing her mother's fried Onion Explodes the lamb and I can not seem to have thought was there as a spiritual feeling that the animal together. (home-made lamb is the meat from the supermarket over the case of cutting board is not cut from the goats come: P)
However, I would think that barbecue restaurant owner to tell you in this way of fresh meat to attract patrons as a sign the idea of low-level, not to mention the store's health in general, services in general, the taste of food in general, is to work with comparable over a five star hotel I will never play in the store half a step, and think of goats slaughtered in the shop front was the scene of bloody, my eyes to a vertigo.
Sadly, that store but the business is hot every day up until today, that store is still there is a goat in front of the helpless, shouted themselves hoarse in the
passed a barbecue restaurant every day, I have also tried a friend to this, and now can not remember what it is, and so easy to get people to forget, I want to be like a general taste. remember that day, I passed the store as usual. Low his head to think while on the move, and suddenly felt something around there is a mass of moving, really shocked, a closer look is actually two white goats were tethered on the roadside of the street, then in addition to not think too much tension , with the fastest speed to leave the only zoo in the television and there are only met twice in the rural areas things.
passing day, I watch a bit tied to the direction of the sheep, tied to the two previously sheep left one, in which more than the wood next to a chair, on which stood a sheep's head and a yellow orange red with blood and animal fat mixed with the goat, see Zhi Jiaoren nausea. I was taken aback. Look at that I am not a sheep's head, not daring to watch the sheep slaughtered during the final expression has remained to the present. only know that the other sheep at the stretch the ropes helplessly back and forth around the street , and still the screams of the issue of misery.
see all kinds of people out front grill; see their human companions were killed, as human food dish; that myself in the near future will fall into the same fate with their peers, a helpless goat's heart, in addition to panic at this time what?
to make it clear: I will not eat meat from the soft-hearted to a, chewing her mother's fried Onion Explodes the lamb and I can not seem to have thought was there as a spiritual feeling that the animal together. (home-made lamb is the meat from the supermarket over the case of cutting board is not cut from the goats come: P)
However, I would think that barbecue restaurant owner to tell you in this way of fresh meat to attract patrons as a sign the idea of low-level, not to mention the store's health in general, services in general, the taste of food in general, is to work with comparable over a five star hotel I will never play in the store half a step, and think of goats slaughtered in the shop front was the scene of bloody, my eyes to a vertigo.
Sadly, that store but the business is hot every day up until today, that store is still there is a goat in front of the helpless, shouted themselves hoarse in the
Tuesday, December 28, 2010
The pain of the Chinese Patent
Do the standard first-class enterprise, second-rate corporate tree brand, third-rate companies sell products. Until the foreign patent group wielded the big stick when the patent seems to have people come to realize, but many people still indulge in the gentle sleep.
DVD industry, military
of the optical disk system was lost in 1985, started production from the development to 2001, has become a DVD producer. At that time, the world's DVD output is 26 million units, of which China's output accounted for more than 1,000 million units. It also created a step by step, Kim, new subjects such as DVD-known brands. on DVD in China, the performance of enterprises for their own pride, when an unexpected thing happened.
2001 3 8 , 6C alliance China's DVD business to put forward an ultimatum demanding that China's DVD business before the April 1 must pay royalties to them, otherwise they will sue, and the lion's mouth, requiring each of China's exports to charge $ 20 DVD patent fees. China's DVD market, although manufacturers have production capacity, but did not grasp the core technology, DVD's core hardware and software are imported from abroad in the country is in fact a simple assembly. This is a typical l water fish r the best policy. The reason is simple, in 2000, the DVD market has just started, if they charge high prices, there is no admission of many manufacturers, the market will be difficult to cultivate it, and now the bigger piece of cake, and fish are raised , they considered the net to the time of the .6 C Union that manufacturers do? by Toshiba, Mitsubishi, Hitachi, Panasonic, JVC, Time Warner six companies, after IBM joined the Union, is still used to call 6C . And then there are more patent fees organization began the exploitation of China's DVD industry, including the 3C (by Philips, Sony, Pioneer three companies, after the addition of the LG as 4C), 1C (Thomson) and MPEG-LA (16 patents member companies of patent fees), which is eight-year invasion of what is the difference? snatch eight-Bale is naked. Today's society is the economic and cultural Competition, so the economy and the cultural invasion is definitely not taken lightly.
2002 年 4 19, the China Audio Industry Association in two years time, after many negotiations, finally signed an agreement with the 6C to provide Chinese manufacturers export 1 each Taiwan DVD player to pay $ 4 to their royalties. Subsequently, the association has signed with the 3C export a table for each DVD player to pay $ 5 to its royalties agreement. other royalty payments is: lC charge 2% of each sale price (minimum $ 2) royalties, charges $ 1 per Dolby royalties, MPEG-LA charge $ 4 per royalties (in 2002 to 2.5 U.S. dollars). At this point, the patent fee controversy seems to come to an end. At this point, the patent fee for each DVD or high reached $ 12.5.
DVD costs about Qi Cheng from movement, and decoding chips, components, these components are completely dependent on imports, domestic impossible for enterprises to deploy the price. hopes which can only reduce the cost of labor cost savings. but DVD assembling costs 10-15 yuan, however.
the international market in recent years, DVD sales prices continued to fall, the current U.S. DVD on the market U.S. retail price of only 30m40 machine, Chinese companies export a DVD for each machine will pay approximately $ 12.5, respectively, the patent fees. domestic DVD player is almost profitable export business, many companies no longer manufacture products or close down DVD , the remaining number of companies are OEM for foreign companies for OEM, so the pain is not a royalty. According to Chinese customs data, 1 September 2005, as a leading company in China DVD export of Guangdong Province exported DVD8060 million, of which foreign brands do OEM in the form of exports of processing trade amounted to 76.53 million units, accounting for total exports 95%.
costly
1G communications industry to pay royalties of up to age 250 000 000 000 element, in the 2G era, as much as 500 billion yuan.
We may try to end these two aspects of the system and take a look at China's telecommunications industry in the patent on the face.
system equipment to WCDMA technology as an example
, China's enterprises have to pay an average of 15% -20% of sales as royalties.
in CDMA technology, Qualcomm's current communication companies to pay 4.65% -6% of sales in royalties. If the other core patents companies charge the same fees, communications, business spending will account for royalties of sales 25% -30%.
Norson According to the National Bureau of Statistics data analysis concluded that, TD-SCDMA the TDD part of the Siemens has the largest number of patents, accounting for 21.6%, Datang, Huawei, ZTE, Qualcomm each approximately 12.2%, 10.1%, 7.4%, 6.1%; in SCDMA part of the number of patents 24.2% share followed by ZTE, Siemens 21.2 % 15.2% Datang, Huawei 12.1%, other 27.3%.
2006, ZTE CDMA base stations worldwide shipments of more than 12,000 current users worldwide, ZTE CDMA products have been accumulated over 60 million line capacity. According to Ministry of Information Industry Telecommunications Research Institute of the latest research report, 1-12 January 2006, ZTE CDMA the number of contracts accounting for 41% of the global total, ranking first. Norson Telecom Consulting predicted that sales in 2006, ZTE 4.7 billion dollars or so.
2006 Huawei WCDMA / HSPA contract added 28, as at the end of the year, Huawei's market share to 21% of the global GSM market, the top three ranked .2006 for the full year sales revenue reached 65.6 billion yuan (U.S. $ 8,450,000,000), The proportion of overseas sales exceeded 65%.
global telecom equipment manufacturers from the current point of view, Ericsson has given up CDMA, Nokia's CDMA business is no longer essential, Nortel losses, Lucent and Alcatel uncertain, it seems that only the ZTE, Both the CDMA Huawei is making money. and from the global market, in addition to the headquarters of Qualcomm CDMA base the North American market, the Republic of Korea can be said that Qualcomm's grain-producing areas, while China is the future hope of CDMA . Hopefully, ZTE and Huawei, all the way, do not pay too much royalties.
terminal center
ResearchInChina the cost of the patent did a survey around the world: the current CDMA royalties accounted for about mobile phone prices 5 ~ 6%, GSM royalties accounted for 16 to 17%. in the country, CDMA patent fees in the export product and domestic products accounted for 7% of mobile phone sales and 2.75%. according to this ratio, export mobile phones GSM patent fees and royalties domestic product prices were 13% for the whole and 8%. However, ResearchInChina Center tour manager, added: does not manufacture the core components of mobile phones, so royalties directly facing / license fees will focus on operating systems, human-machine interface and exterior design. This part of the overall patent royalty fees accounted for about 50 ~ 70%. > According to the Ministry of Information Industry Information: In early 2004, China's mobile phone export Blair before the May total exports of 51.01 million mobile phones, the cumulative export value of 4.9 billion U.S. dollars, respectively, year on year increase of 57.7% and 103.8%.
GSM < br> GSM mobile phone patents focused on Nokia, Motorola, Siemens, Sony Ericsson, Alcatel, Philips, Microsoft, Texas Instruments and many other enterprises. These have a dominant position in the GSM mobile terminal equipment manufacturers charged patent fees the price of mobile phone sales can account for about 10%. GSM mobile phone is the lack of essential patents restricting bottleneck in the development of domestic mobile phone. including the baseband chip, RF chip, the core underlying software patents, China's mobile phone business has not fully mastered the key components Basically, production and supply by the foreign companies. has essential patents of companies focused on Nokia, Motorola, Siemens, Alcatel, Philips, Ericsson and six, based on the total mobile phone patents 85%.
to GSM mobile phones Patent disputes are concentrated in the operating system as an example. Symbian, Microsoft, BlackBerry, Linux, Palm camp, which began five fierce market competition, particularly in 2003, favored by the market after the smart phone. the moment, the development of truly autonomous Keith phone operating system group Hopen (Hopen system), Branch Bank of Beijing into Delta (Road System), Bird's Doeasy (and more easily with the system) and many, and some other open-source Linux system in a second development of the operating system platform, such as the Yulong the Linous (collar Chi System), CMS's mLinux Nanjing and so on. these operating systems in the industry on the difficult road ahead. HOPEN Chinese Academy of Sciences of the domestic unit cost less than the operating system Symbian OS development one-tenth, to achieve most of the relevant features. and HOPEN system is the control center software engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences developed the first set of national self-developed smart phone operating system, and applied for a patent.
Let us take a look at mobile phone operator system of this world, what exactly is a.
Canalys research data shows the company's 2006 global smart phone shipments for the 64.1 million, compared with 63% growth in 2005, from the operating system perspective, Symbian in the 2006, still accounts for 67% of market share (63% in 2005); Microsoft operating system dropped slightly to 14%, but still ranked second; launch BlackBerry (BlackBerry) The Canadian company RIM's system is more than Linux came in the third place share of 7%; Linux's market share is 6%; after the acquisition of PalmSource (PalmSource last year, the Japanese company ACCESS Linux Access and moving to areas of the formal acquisition), ACCESS Garnet operating system accounted for 5 % of the share. However, RIM and Palm have 3 / 4 of sales from the North American market.
CCID Consulting in December 2006 on the end of last October by the Chinese smart phone operating system market by sales structure given A data. which, Symbian is 63.2%, Linux is 30.3%.
GFK analyst data provided Pang Jun, 2006 1-10 months, Symbian operating system in China is about 60% the proportion, Linux is 30%, while Microsoft is only 7%.
2007 年 mid-January, from Symbian, the UK officially settled in China. Nokia is Symbian's largest shareholder. Lenovo and BenQ have launched a cooperation with Symbian.
In the Linux platform, in order to create a competitive, Linux-oriented software platform for mobile devices, Motorola, NEC, NTT DoCoMo, Panasonic Mobile Communications, Samsung Electronics and Vodafone announced the formal establishment of the LiMo Foundation, a few days ago. At this point, the smart One of the Linux mobile operating system, finally has a decent organization, concluded its relatively loose in the past. Linux by Motorola's favor, the world's second largest mobile phone maker Motorola will Linux as the company's leading smartphone operating system. The Linux because of its free and open, but also makes Motorola cut costs more effectively. However, the use of Linux, Motorola has also earned the Microsoft operating system and Symbian license.
2005 年 9 8, love can be letter to the company and Paim OS provider PalmSource announced that they have ACCESS to reach a definitive agreement to acquire PalmSource, through this acquisition, ACCESS received the operating system's core technologies, as well as in the United States, France and China Linux for mobile device development resources. North American users prefer to use the Palm operating system and customary in China, or ACCESS Linux-based business.
present, Lenovo and BenQ and Symbian has launched a cooperative, and only Dopod smart phone operating system is Microsoft's loyal customers. Amoi many smart phone using Microsoft's system, but there are also some self-developed products based on Linux. Yulong Shenzhen Microsoft and Linux systems have been developed on, it is possible cooperation with Symbian. waveguide, TCL, Changhong, Jin, and many local enterprises are of vital importance mobile phone operating system makers.
then China's mobile phone operating system, your moral character in the Where? worth mentioning , in the 3G platform, Datang has also released its own mobile phone operating system .2006 December 4, independently developed by Datang Mobile Arena operating system released in Hong Kong, Arena development community on the same day on-line. Large Tang said the Arena Mobile is the only way to solve global interoperability of mobile terminal operating system business. Currently Arena has been the domestic vendors, ZTE, and South Korea SK Telecom's support. Arena led the development of Datang Mobile, TD-SCDMA is currently mainly used in mobile phones , more than 10 2G, 2.5G and 3G handsets using the operating system. In today's conference, ZTE and SK Telecom and Korea attended the Arena's on-line publishing and the community. Arena Although the main used in TD-SCDMA, but the same can be applied to all other 2G and 3G mobile terminals. Liu Ji Tong said it hopes the advantages of TD-SCDMA with the ability to push the other 2G and 3G Arena operating system. Datang, please take care not to live up to the expectations of the people and country!
CDMA
in the CDMA mobile phones, we only need to look at this information.
2006 年 Jacob visited India said that in India, the current CDMA mobile phones each imposed a 5% royalty. This is a collection of the world's lowest standards.
2006 年 3 months, the global GSM Association announced that 30 U.S. dollars for developing countries to release mobile phones, Kyocera CDMA royalties exclusion high.
2006 年 6 month, Nokia announced the cancellation of a joint venture with Sanyo, CDMA mobile phones out of the market complain about Qualcomm royalties high end CDMA mobile phones in 2008.
Nokia have pulled out, the day of the Chinese mobile phone manufacturers can do better?
South Korean mobile phone Let us take a look at the market
Korean mobile phone market situation it. GSM and CDMA mobile phones in Korea can be said to fire and water are two different worlds. GSM mobile phone export accounted for 69.95% South Korea, foreign patent holders to receive the expensive royalties, and the proliferation of low-priced products, medium and small manufacturers in Korea caused a serious blow, and some have even gone bankrupt. The industry believes that the reason why the situation of China's mobile phone business would be better than the Korean firms. because South Korea does not GSM operators Business, GSM mobile phone can only be all for export, mobile phone operators alone and helpless; while China has the world's largest GSM market, once the operator to speak, in China, have occupied a considerable market vendors who patent owners should not take this more harm than good risk. handsets in CDMA, Qualcomm in August 2006 and gradually exempted from Samsung, LG's CDMA handset royalties. QUALCOMM and Samsung Electronics, according to a copy of the contract until the contract expires, as the world's first the three major mobile phone manufacturers Samsung CDMA in South Korea will be exempt from royalties. As for output to overseas markets, CDMA mobile phones, also started from August 2008 to gradually exempt from royalties. It is understood that the two companies in 1993 The agreement was signed. The two companies provided by the contract, No mobile phones sold in South Korea to pay royalties. product market, the cumulative royalty payments to 2 trillion won.
MP3 MP3 market ushered in the dawn of the patent
said that the text - it is no wonder yellow patent, known to everybody. text - Yellow Patent is the South Korean human light Zhu and Huang Ting summer in 1998 in China submitted, and was adopted in China Patent No. 98114958.8. January 2006, the patent is SigmaTel in the bag. Then, SigmaTel in the world to start the patent licensing program All MP3 manufacturers are faced with two choices: First platform, based on SigmaTel solutions, and second, to pay a certain amount of license fees.
It is reported that in 1993, Thomson and Fraunhofer Institute in Germany to determine the MP3 format, they The MP3 technology has over 20 patent series. the world's leading Microsoft, Intel, Apple, Sony, Panasonic, Samsung, LG, and Sigmatel MP3 chip maker Thomson and other early and reached a joint agreement of patents and copyrights, however, China 1000 MP3 manufacturers in more than 95% did not consent Thomson patents. Thomson predicted that in 2008, China MP3 market demand is expected to total more than 18 million. If the MP3 player manufacturers from the perspective of calculating royalties, 3 years later, Thomson in China each year can be obtained only from $ 13,500,000. worldwide MP3 sales in China more than .2004, MP3 total global sales reached 40 million, in 2009, it will reach 150 million. This mean, according to the Chinese market is charging standard, 4 years later, Thomson obtained annually from the $ 127,500,000 global market royalties.
2005 年 1 月 Europe there is a Italian company called Sisvel the second half of last year Chinese MP3 manufacturers to collect royalties for each $ 2. According to reports, MP3 export prices in general is about 50 dollars to 100 U.S. dollars / units, the figure $ 2 more than the price of patent fees 5%. and China now exports a considerable portion of low-grade products, MP3, about more than 30 U.S. dollars / units, margins are only 2 to 3 dollars / units.
2005 年 3 month, the U.S. MP3 player decoder chip manufacturer SigmaTel to Chinese competition Actions mm opponents sued the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC), said that the latter violated its own portable MP3 Player Used for System on Chip (SoC) controller of patents, Section 337 requires the use of ITC Actions sanctions .2006 March 21, the U.S. International Trade Commission initially ruled that the Federal, Actions to be included in the survey of several models of digital chips, are all involved in the case of the two patents (Patent No. 6,366,522, No. 6,633,187 patent) infringement .2006 September retrial. At the same time, Actions application in May 2006 Moon-Hwang patent is invalid, and in the June 12 filing by the National Patent Office .9 months, ITC ruling Actions of some products infringe SigmaTel's patents 6,633,187 and 6,366,522 both , then Actions to the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) made a request to re-examine the SigmaTel have numbered 6,633,187 and 6,366,522 validity of two patents. U.S. Eastern time at 8:30 on September 13 ( Beijing at 20:30 on September 13) news, Actions Semiconductor (Nasdaq: ACTS) on Wednesday announced that it has been in China for SigmaTel and its subsidiaries filed a lawsuit to stop the infringement of SigmaTel urged Actions Company intellectual property rights, claims 98 million yuan.
2005 年 9 months, Thomson plans to mainland China manufacturers charge royalties MP3, MP3 player to be 0.75 per million (approximately RMB 6 contracts million). Thomson claimed that almost all of mainland China IC MP3 players use its patented technology. the mainland most of the MP3 manufacturers are small, are generally produced no brand MP3 player. Taiwan's own brand the MP3 manufacturers, plans to use SigmaTel's integrated circuit design, such as to avoid patent fees imposed, or costs passed on to the OEM manufacturer of the body.
nominal royalties heteropolyacid, MP3 enterprises will once again face extinction ? Actions Semiconductor's MP3 is able to lead the company out of China, the mire of patent fees, we will wait and see.
when people wake up?
digital television and IPTV business seems to be increasingly widely used, in these new areas , MPEG4 technology patents held by foreign manufacturers even offered to produce the next one to follow, and according to the user viewing time to collect royalties, is simply atrocious, how on earth do we? China, ah, Chinese entrepreneurs, and you wake up No?
DVD industry, military
of the optical disk system was lost in 1985, started production from the development to 2001, has become a DVD producer. At that time, the world's DVD output is 26 million units, of which China's output accounted for more than 1,000 million units. It also created a step by step, Kim, new subjects such as DVD-known brands. on DVD in China, the performance of enterprises for their own pride, when an unexpected thing happened.
2001 3 8 , 6C alliance China's DVD business to put forward an ultimatum demanding that China's DVD business before the April 1 must pay royalties to them, otherwise they will sue, and the lion's mouth, requiring each of China's exports to charge $ 20 DVD patent fees. China's DVD market, although manufacturers have production capacity, but did not grasp the core technology, DVD's core hardware and software are imported from abroad in the country is in fact a simple assembly. This is a typical l water fish r the best policy. The reason is simple, in 2000, the DVD market has just started, if they charge high prices, there is no admission of many manufacturers, the market will be difficult to cultivate it, and now the bigger piece of cake, and fish are raised , they considered the net to the time of the .6 C Union that manufacturers do? by Toshiba, Mitsubishi, Hitachi, Panasonic, JVC, Time Warner six companies, after IBM joined the Union, is still used to call 6C . And then there are more patent fees organization began the exploitation of China's DVD industry, including the 3C (by Philips, Sony, Pioneer three companies, after the addition of the LG as 4C), 1C (Thomson) and MPEG-LA (16 patents member companies of patent fees), which is eight-year invasion of what is the difference? snatch eight-Bale is naked. Today's society is the economic and cultural Competition, so the economy and the cultural invasion is definitely not taken lightly.
2002 年 4 19, the China Audio Industry Association in two years time, after many negotiations, finally signed an agreement with the 6C to provide Chinese manufacturers export 1 each Taiwan DVD player to pay $ 4 to their royalties. Subsequently, the association has signed with the 3C export a table for each DVD player to pay $ 5 to its royalties agreement. other royalty payments is: lC charge 2% of each sale price (minimum $ 2) royalties, charges $ 1 per Dolby royalties, MPEG-LA charge $ 4 per royalties (in 2002 to 2.5 U.S. dollars). At this point, the patent fee controversy seems to come to an end. At this point, the patent fee for each DVD or high reached $ 12.5.
DVD costs about Qi Cheng from movement, and decoding chips, components, these components are completely dependent on imports, domestic impossible for enterprises to deploy the price. hopes which can only reduce the cost of labor cost savings. but DVD assembling costs 10-15 yuan, however.
the international market in recent years, DVD sales prices continued to fall, the current U.S. DVD on the market U.S. retail price of only 30m40 machine, Chinese companies export a DVD for each machine will pay approximately $ 12.5, respectively, the patent fees. domestic DVD player is almost profitable export business, many companies no longer manufacture products or close down DVD , the remaining number of companies are OEM for foreign companies for OEM, so the pain is not a royalty. According to Chinese customs data, 1 September 2005, as a leading company in China DVD export of Guangdong Province exported DVD8060 million, of which foreign brands do OEM in the form of exports of processing trade amounted to 76.53 million units, accounting for total exports 95%.
costly
1G communications industry to pay royalties of up to age 250 000 000 000 element, in the 2G era, as much as 500 billion yuan.
We may try to end these two aspects of the system and take a look at China's telecommunications industry in the patent on the face.
system equipment to WCDMA technology as an example
, China's enterprises have to pay an average of 15% -20% of sales as royalties.
in CDMA technology, Qualcomm's current communication companies to pay 4.65% -6% of sales in royalties. If the other core patents companies charge the same fees, communications, business spending will account for royalties of sales 25% -30%.
Norson According to the National Bureau of Statistics data analysis concluded that, TD-SCDMA the TDD part of the Siemens has the largest number of patents, accounting for 21.6%, Datang, Huawei, ZTE, Qualcomm each approximately 12.2%, 10.1%, 7.4%, 6.1%; in SCDMA part of the number of patents 24.2% share followed by ZTE, Siemens 21.2 % 15.2% Datang, Huawei 12.1%, other 27.3%.
2006, ZTE CDMA base stations worldwide shipments of more than 12,000 current users worldwide, ZTE CDMA products have been accumulated over 60 million line capacity. According to Ministry of Information Industry Telecommunications Research Institute of the latest research report, 1-12 January 2006, ZTE CDMA the number of contracts accounting for 41% of the global total, ranking first. Norson Telecom Consulting predicted that sales in 2006, ZTE 4.7 billion dollars or so.
2006 Huawei WCDMA / HSPA contract added 28, as at the end of the year, Huawei's market share to 21% of the global GSM market, the top three ranked .2006 for the full year sales revenue reached 65.6 billion yuan (U.S. $ 8,450,000,000), The proportion of overseas sales exceeded 65%.
global telecom equipment manufacturers from the current point of view, Ericsson has given up CDMA, Nokia's CDMA business is no longer essential, Nortel losses, Lucent and Alcatel uncertain, it seems that only the ZTE, Both the CDMA Huawei is making money. and from the global market, in addition to the headquarters of Qualcomm CDMA base the North American market, the Republic of Korea can be said that Qualcomm's grain-producing areas, while China is the future hope of CDMA . Hopefully, ZTE and Huawei, all the way, do not pay too much royalties.
terminal center
ResearchInChina the cost of the patent did a survey around the world: the current CDMA royalties accounted for about mobile phone prices 5 ~ 6%, GSM royalties accounted for 16 to 17%. in the country, CDMA patent fees in the export product and domestic products accounted for 7% of mobile phone sales and 2.75%. according to this ratio, export mobile phones GSM patent fees and royalties domestic product prices were 13% for the whole and 8%. However, ResearchInChina Center tour manager, added: does not manufacture the core components of mobile phones, so royalties directly facing / license fees will focus on operating systems, human-machine interface and exterior design. This part of the overall patent royalty fees accounted for about 50 ~ 70%. > According to the Ministry of Information Industry Information: In early 2004, China's mobile phone export Blair before the May total exports of 51.01 million mobile phones, the cumulative export value of 4.9 billion U.S. dollars, respectively, year on year increase of 57.7% and 103.8%.
GSM < br> GSM mobile phone patents focused on Nokia, Motorola, Siemens, Sony Ericsson, Alcatel, Philips, Microsoft, Texas Instruments and many other enterprises. These have a dominant position in the GSM mobile terminal equipment manufacturers charged patent fees the price of mobile phone sales can account for about 10%. GSM mobile phone is the lack of essential patents restricting bottleneck in the development of domestic mobile phone. including the baseband chip, RF chip, the core underlying software patents, China's mobile phone business has not fully mastered the key components Basically, production and supply by the foreign companies. has essential patents of companies focused on Nokia, Motorola, Siemens, Alcatel, Philips, Ericsson and six, based on the total mobile phone patents 85%.
to GSM mobile phones Patent disputes are concentrated in the operating system as an example. Symbian, Microsoft, BlackBerry, Linux, Palm camp, which began five fierce market competition, particularly in 2003, favored by the market after the smart phone. the moment, the development of truly autonomous Keith phone operating system group Hopen (Hopen system), Branch Bank of Beijing into Delta (Road System), Bird's Doeasy (and more easily with the system) and many, and some other open-source Linux system in a second development of the operating system platform, such as the Yulong the Linous (collar Chi System), CMS's mLinux Nanjing and so on. these operating systems in the industry on the difficult road ahead. HOPEN Chinese Academy of Sciences of the domestic unit cost less than the operating system Symbian OS development one-tenth, to achieve most of the relevant features. and HOPEN system is the control center software engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences developed the first set of national self-developed smart phone operating system, and applied for a patent.
Let us take a look at mobile phone operator system of this world, what exactly is a.
Canalys research data shows the company's 2006 global smart phone shipments for the 64.1 million, compared with 63% growth in 2005, from the operating system perspective, Symbian in the 2006, still accounts for 67% of market share (63% in 2005); Microsoft operating system dropped slightly to 14%, but still ranked second; launch BlackBerry (BlackBerry) The Canadian company RIM's system is more than Linux came in the third place share of 7%; Linux's market share is 6%; after the acquisition of PalmSource (PalmSource last year, the Japanese company ACCESS Linux Access and moving to areas of the formal acquisition), ACCESS Garnet operating system accounted for 5 % of the share. However, RIM and Palm have 3 / 4 of sales from the North American market.
CCID Consulting in December 2006 on the end of last October by the Chinese smart phone operating system market by sales structure given A data. which, Symbian is 63.2%, Linux is 30.3%.
GFK analyst data provided Pang Jun, 2006 1-10 months, Symbian operating system in China is about 60% the proportion, Linux is 30%, while Microsoft is only 7%.
2007 年 mid-January, from Symbian, the UK officially settled in China. Nokia is Symbian's largest shareholder. Lenovo and BenQ have launched a cooperation with Symbian.
In the Linux platform, in order to create a competitive, Linux-oriented software platform for mobile devices, Motorola, NEC, NTT DoCoMo, Panasonic Mobile Communications, Samsung Electronics and Vodafone announced the formal establishment of the LiMo Foundation, a few days ago. At this point, the smart One of the Linux mobile operating system, finally has a decent organization, concluded its relatively loose in the past. Linux by Motorola's favor, the world's second largest mobile phone maker Motorola will Linux as the company's leading smartphone operating system. The Linux because of its free and open, but also makes Motorola cut costs more effectively. However, the use of Linux, Motorola has also earned the Microsoft operating system and Symbian license.
2005 年 9 8, love can be letter to the company and Paim OS provider PalmSource announced that they have ACCESS to reach a definitive agreement to acquire PalmSource, through this acquisition, ACCESS received the operating system's core technologies, as well as in the United States, France and China Linux for mobile device development resources. North American users prefer to use the Palm operating system and customary in China, or ACCESS Linux-based business.
present, Lenovo and BenQ and Symbian has launched a cooperative, and only Dopod smart phone operating system is Microsoft's loyal customers. Amoi many smart phone using Microsoft's system, but there are also some self-developed products based on Linux. Yulong Shenzhen Microsoft and Linux systems have been developed on, it is possible cooperation with Symbian. waveguide, TCL, Changhong, Jin, and many local enterprises are of vital importance mobile phone operating system makers.
then China's mobile phone operating system, your moral character in the Where? worth mentioning , in the 3G platform, Datang has also released its own mobile phone operating system .2006 December 4, independently developed by Datang Mobile Arena operating system released in Hong Kong, Arena development community on the same day on-line. Large Tang said the Arena Mobile is the only way to solve global interoperability of mobile terminal operating system business. Currently Arena has been the domestic vendors, ZTE, and South Korea SK Telecom's support. Arena led the development of Datang Mobile, TD-SCDMA is currently mainly used in mobile phones , more than 10 2G, 2.5G and 3G handsets using the operating system. In today's conference, ZTE and SK Telecom and Korea attended the Arena's on-line publishing and the community. Arena Although the main used in TD-SCDMA, but the same can be applied to all other 2G and 3G mobile terminals. Liu Ji Tong said it hopes the advantages of TD-SCDMA with the ability to push the other 2G and 3G Arena operating system. Datang, please take care not to live up to the expectations of the people and country!
CDMA
in the CDMA mobile phones, we only need to look at this information.
2006 年 Jacob visited India said that in India, the current CDMA mobile phones each imposed a 5% royalty. This is a collection of the world's lowest standards.
2006 年 3 months, the global GSM Association announced that 30 U.S. dollars for developing countries to release mobile phones, Kyocera CDMA royalties exclusion high.
2006 年 6 month, Nokia announced the cancellation of a joint venture with Sanyo, CDMA mobile phones out of the market complain about Qualcomm royalties high end CDMA mobile phones in 2008.
Nokia have pulled out, the day of the Chinese mobile phone manufacturers can do better?
South Korean mobile phone Let us take a look at the market
Korean mobile phone market situation it. GSM and CDMA mobile phones in Korea can be said to fire and water are two different worlds. GSM mobile phone export accounted for 69.95% South Korea, foreign patent holders to receive the expensive royalties, and the proliferation of low-priced products, medium and small manufacturers in Korea caused a serious blow, and some have even gone bankrupt. The industry believes that the reason why the situation of China's mobile phone business would be better than the Korean firms. because South Korea does not GSM operators Business, GSM mobile phone can only be all for export, mobile phone operators alone and helpless; while China has the world's largest GSM market, once the operator to speak, in China, have occupied a considerable market vendors who patent owners should not take this more harm than good risk. handsets in CDMA, Qualcomm in August 2006 and gradually exempted from Samsung, LG's CDMA handset royalties. QUALCOMM and Samsung Electronics, according to a copy of the contract until the contract expires, as the world's first the three major mobile phone manufacturers Samsung CDMA in South Korea will be exempt from royalties. As for output to overseas markets, CDMA mobile phones, also started from August 2008 to gradually exempt from royalties. It is understood that the two companies in 1993 The agreement was signed. The two companies provided by the contract, No mobile phones sold in South Korea to pay royalties. product market, the cumulative royalty payments to 2 trillion won.
MP3 MP3 market ushered in the dawn of the patent
said that the text - it is no wonder yellow patent, known to everybody. text - Yellow Patent is the South Korean human light Zhu and Huang Ting summer in 1998 in China submitted, and was adopted in China Patent No. 98114958.8. January 2006, the patent is SigmaTel in the bag. Then, SigmaTel in the world to start the patent licensing program All MP3 manufacturers are faced with two choices: First platform, based on SigmaTel solutions, and second, to pay a certain amount of license fees.
It is reported that in 1993, Thomson and Fraunhofer Institute in Germany to determine the MP3 format, they The MP3 technology has over 20 patent series. the world's leading Microsoft, Intel, Apple, Sony, Panasonic, Samsung, LG, and Sigmatel MP3 chip maker Thomson and other early and reached a joint agreement of patents and copyrights, however, China 1000 MP3 manufacturers in more than 95% did not consent Thomson patents. Thomson predicted that in 2008, China MP3 market demand is expected to total more than 18 million. If the MP3 player manufacturers from the perspective of calculating royalties, 3 years later, Thomson in China each year can be obtained only from $ 13,500,000. worldwide MP3 sales in China more than .2004, MP3 total global sales reached 40 million, in 2009, it will reach 150 million. This mean, according to the Chinese market is charging standard, 4 years later, Thomson obtained annually from the $ 127,500,000 global market royalties.
2005 年 1 月 Europe there is a Italian company called Sisvel the second half of last year Chinese MP3 manufacturers to collect royalties for each $ 2. According to reports, MP3 export prices in general is about 50 dollars to 100 U.S. dollars / units, the figure $ 2 more than the price of patent fees 5%. and China now exports a considerable portion of low-grade products, MP3, about more than 30 U.S. dollars / units, margins are only 2 to 3 dollars / units.
2005 年 3 month, the U.S. MP3 player decoder chip manufacturer SigmaTel to Chinese competition Actions mm opponents sued the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC), said that the latter violated its own portable MP3 Player Used for System on Chip (SoC) controller of patents, Section 337 requires the use of ITC Actions sanctions .2006 March 21, the U.S. International Trade Commission initially ruled that the Federal, Actions to be included in the survey of several models of digital chips, are all involved in the case of the two patents (Patent No. 6,366,522, No. 6,633,187 patent) infringement .2006 September retrial. At the same time, Actions application in May 2006 Moon-Hwang patent is invalid, and in the June 12 filing by the National Patent Office .9 months, ITC ruling Actions of some products infringe SigmaTel's patents 6,633,187 and 6,366,522 both , then Actions to the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) made a request to re-examine the SigmaTel have numbered 6,633,187 and 6,366,522 validity of two patents. U.S. Eastern time at 8:30 on September 13 ( Beijing at 20:30 on September 13) news, Actions Semiconductor (Nasdaq: ACTS) on Wednesday announced that it has been in China for SigmaTel and its subsidiaries filed a lawsuit to stop the infringement of SigmaTel urged Actions Company intellectual property rights, claims 98 million yuan.
2005 年 9 months, Thomson plans to mainland China manufacturers charge royalties MP3, MP3 player to be 0.75 per million (approximately RMB 6 contracts million). Thomson claimed that almost all of mainland China IC MP3 players use its patented technology. the mainland most of the MP3 manufacturers are small, are generally produced no brand MP3 player. Taiwan's own brand the MP3 manufacturers, plans to use SigmaTel's integrated circuit design, such as to avoid patent fees imposed, or costs passed on to the OEM manufacturer of the body.
nominal royalties heteropolyacid, MP3 enterprises will once again face extinction ? Actions Semiconductor's MP3 is able to lead the company out of China, the mire of patent fees, we will wait and see.
when people wake up?
digital television and IPTV business seems to be increasingly widely used, in these new areas , MPEG4 technology patents held by foreign manufacturers even offered to produce the next one to follow, and according to the user viewing time to collect royalties, is simply atrocious, how on earth do we? China, ah, Chinese entrepreneurs, and you wake up No?
Monday, December 27, 2010
Disaster relief experts talk about earthquake relief Li Zonghao
Record the following interview
Moderator: friends, Hello everybody! Welcome to the Sohu health interview room. Since yesterday afternoon, Wenchuan earthquake to affect the hearts of people throughout the country, we are very concerned about the people after earthquake safety and health, but also want to know what they can do for the disaster area. So health Sohu specially invited to the China Disaster Prevention Association President Li Zonghao Rescue Medical Association.
Lee President, Hello!
Li Zonghao: Hello!
the earthquake disaster, what kind of features
Moderator: President Lee has personally participated in the Tangshan earthquake of medical rescue, medical relief work in now, I believe that today's interview will allow Earthquake rescue the majority of users understand the knowledge, they would have found a place they can contribute.
Lee President, we know you have participated in that year the rescue process of the Tangshan earthquake, Tangshan earthquake was also a 7.8 magnitude earthquake, which time is 7.8 earthquake in Sichuan earthquake, would like to ask what these two have the same earthquake and different? the earthquake is characterized by what?
Li Zonghao: Because of the earthquake epicenter, some of the situations we're not clear, but one thing is very clear, are very strong earthquake, 7.8 earthquake. quake inevitable casualties, there are different places, when the Tangshan earthquake in Tangshan, north China's industrial cities mm, the relative is a mountain, the population will not be so concentrated. But the problems brought about not the same, after 32 years have passed, these 32 years our country has also undergone a major change, economic take-off, the development of technology. in the world in terms of For the rescue, in the past called the emergency, the concept of the aid also changed. Now we rescue, and that is first to protect their own safety, to a good rescue, I am afraid that when we think of this relatively small, to thinking about how to save lives, is less a scientific concept.
generally taken up by the earthquake rescue team staff?
Moderator: Facing the unexpected earthquake, the state also sent rescue teams to respond quickly, earthquake rescue team is generally composed by whom? each share responsibility for what? the rescue of the process like?
Li Zonghao: The China International Rescue Team sent, that is, to the Indian Ocean tsunami in late 2004, called China International rescue teams, are one thing, the name is different. there are composed of three parts, part of an earthquake expert, part engineering, part of the medical staff there, I am a medical rescue personnel. The main body of China International Rescue Team should be the medical staff, yesterday afternoon went to 22 medical personnel, are the Armed Police General Hospital, Imperial Hou medical captain, he set up China International Rescue Team participated in almost all of the rescue. So now it should be said more relief number of scientific ideas, more modern rescue techniques, rescue more modern knowledge and skills should be said that different from previous years.
Moderator: Rescue workers in the rescue process is not there some danger ?
Li Zonghao: Yes, because it is not clear specific disaster, we can not have too many opinions. This is a very serious disaster, spread to many places, is now also organized rescue team. So in medical rescue, our most Injuries concern is the people most concerned about is how to rescue the patient, so naturally this is a very important issue. This is because of the earthquake there exists a medical emergency, we must first person out of you, can not be directly saved, so the rescue out of danger, this is a very difficult task, and then be able to carry out medical treatment.
medical rescue personnel should have the ability to escape disaster
Moderator: rescue program that is tantamount to a dedicated person, to the affected people from the rubble or trapped in the local rescue and medical personnel from the rescue.
Li Zonghao: Yes, it should be like this, called in the international EMS, emergency rescue service system, in fact, the medical professional rescue workers themselves have the ability to escape disaster. our country, Hong Kong's aid, mainly Fire Administration to do the following first aid, they are both medical personnel, but also a recovery operation workers, so these problems in the future of our country must be reformed, can not say that medical staff good hospital, the emergency rescue center is also good, but at the scene, especially the site of a disaster, not only the earthquake, the city which also has a lot of unexpected events, we will have to change. International Rescue team's medical staff after they are training, they have mastered the emergency scene, or even turbulent scene, the rescue out of danger, of course, in their medical knowledge and technology-based, we are now sending rescue teams by training them a little more, this should be said better. < br> For the affected people must be as soon as possible where
Moderator: We know that different situations have so-called prime-time emergency, the same earthquake relief is also prime time?
Li Zonghao: prime time is not on the earthquake relief say, because we generally know the golden rescue time, the case took place in the city are 5-6 minutes, 15 minutes, the earthquake relief can not be said, because there are many difficult earthquake relief, always the sooner the better, the first A rescue rescued the next day is better than good, this is certain, the sooner the better, the earthquake is very difficult, and some people can be saved for several days, or even seven or eight days, ten days have particular , because the body does not eat, drink, the capacity of people is still relatively strong, generally a few days, or even to the days, of course, the physical condition of each person is different, so there are a lot of talent to save the earthquake out.
Moderator: the work of rescue did not provide the number of days after that if no more survivors found in the words of the new stop rescue?
Li Zonghao: should not have this, this is not the same with the other, and sometimes if the person is pressure at the bottom, of course, well-developed science and technology now, and can detect, and some places may not be found, if he is in a certain position of ventilation, he was eating, drinking water has a strong capacity, if the breathing, ventilation is good, some people can survive ten days, ten days, so this case will not die, we try to carefully search for these, because if we accidentally omitted one or two little place, missing a few did not go to save lives, then I am sorry, of course, the sooner the better, yesterday, Premier Wen Jiabao also spoke, as early as one minute, one second earlier, survivors may be large, so we make every effort to do so things.
traffic barrier is the greatest difficulty encountered in rescue
Moderator: From a professional point of view of relief after the earthquake, as relief workers, the most afraid of what kind of situation encountered?
Li Zonghao: the most afraid to encounter, is hard to say these words, fear is not reach the scene, blocked the road.
Moderator: seems like this is caused by the earthquake.
Li Zonghao: Yes, this earthquake major problem is, because in the mountains, rolling the heavy rain, roads severely damaged. Conversely, I have been engaged in air rescue, and some people do not ask me how to fly helicopters, helicopters are also the limitations of air . we have to do everything possible to rescue, but also consider the safety of rescue workers, if helicopters in case of bad weather yesterday and this morning is very bad weather, helicopters to fly into is very dangerous. I am 2 February, March in Salt Lake City, just do the air rescue flight, because I a very good relationship with them, I used to do in the United States visiting professor at a university, because I know they are, very supportive of me, but there is one, I sign them in case of unexpected flight, you take responsibility, so the fear is to not site constraints.
earthquake in human spinal cord injury is the most serious
Moderator: Comparison of the earthquake that terrible disasters, will give people the body, including heart damage brought about which of these categories, what consequences?
Li Zonghao: Earthquake damage can be divided into two types, one is direct damage, direct damage Fangdaowuta, smashed, resulting in injury, which is a direct injury. there is a collateral damage, such as inside the house, Fangdaowuta, maybe gas pipelines, power lines pose a fire, can cause burns. fires burn, plastic, leather burn these things After a variety of toxic gases, which is of secondary disasters, is the collateral damage. about 1923, with 4 million people since the earthquake came on the withdrawal, to a large square, where they live, the results of wind direction changes, Mars blew past, as the square are all human beings, there are many flammable things, the results of a fire, 4 people burned to death 30,008 thousand people, so in particular, is a modern town, wires, gas pipes, etc., So is the modern city, the city is vulnerable, but who is also a very powerful survival depend on it. If the secondary disasters, earthquakes can cause landslides, flash floods, etc., can also cause some other damage. Therefore, the earthquake damage to the macro in terms of points direct damage and indirect damage. harm the human body is concerned, most of the main trauma, head fractures, limb fractures, I have participated in the Tangshan earthquake relief, impressed me the most, so I thought the most uncomfortable, and caused damage to the spine, because the injured after the cervical, thoracic, lumbar spine injury. a serious spinal injury, spinal cord injury, who will be paralysis, paraplegia, will be very serious.
but now we have from a large number statistics show that many of paraplegia is not fatal, but also not at the time that a considerable part because of our improper handling, for example, when we see that wounded the search, and we are very pleased to put He pulled out, dragged out, pay no attention to the proper handling methods, you hold his arm, I pulled the legs, and even carrying him, or even take a blanket, put people on top, four people, each person carried over to take a corner, or even soft stretchers, canvas stretchers, temporary Na Shengsuo make a stretcher, etc., so that an incorrect handling process, the bad, inappropriate handling tools, distortion of the spine makes a great degree, the oscillation is very powerful, making the spine fracture is severe, resulting in paraplegia, a considerable number of people. paraplegia occurred after a heavy social and family burden, to bring life to his personal misfortune, so this is a very big trauma, especially paraplegia.
Moderator : Now rescue team is not in this area already has enough full consciousness?
Li Zonghao: At least the Chinese national earthquake disaster relief workers should have a high degree of understanding, because I was their consultant, rescue team level, should be that I have spent a lot of effort, when the newly established National Earthquake disaster when the rescue team, more earthquake experts and engineers, I insisted on a medical rescue personnel, must have our medical staff, and we, the medical personnel, have been standard training, in addition they have good medical knowledge, but also through international training, but also through practice.
wounded in the rescue must be carried out when the triage
Moderator: In addition to these professional rescue personnel, we know a lot of victims are to carry out self-help, such as a man, seeing the people were buried, you can pull him out this time should be how to correct treatment is to first get him out again, or until emergency personnel say that if to pull him out, then, how should I do?
Li Zonghao: Now the whole country in a difficult one P Plus support, of course, above all, to extricate him from the predicament, this is the first step, otherwise can not make medical treatment. predicament which to free him, the professional rescue workers understand about this, but we the public, because people need to help each other, so be sure to see the wounded in here, be sure to time in the moving careful. I see them performing in the developed countries, when people were buried beneath this somewhere, they of course is a simulation, he moved to what things are very careful, and that we must be very careful, lest further damage. out of time, are in a horizontal plane, for example the head, then a board that plugs into your back, carried him out, and then the rescue.
because we are faced with a large number of sick and wounded, the traditional practice with us is not the same, with us inside the rescue of a patient not the same, there is special attention to triage, is to check your injury classification, four general points, the whole world uniform standard, with the colors, red, yellow, green, black. medical tag, red, such as we face a hundred injured, your medical resources are limited, your environment is very tense, the heaviest life in a moment of crisis, this is assigned to red, heavy, almost a little more than red yellow, green, slightly lighter, you can not handle being in general slightly injured, black, is dead. of red, yellow, green, according to you this case, will arrange the distribution of your medical power, the tsunami in Indonesia, planarity major disaster rescue team colleagues our good, this is very important, and some people think that the beginning immediately for emergency treatment, it does not, of course, to be a heavy rescue, as a captain or an experienced person, take him into the red, yellow, green, black, and then classify treatment.
earthquake buried personnel must pay attention to your energy
Moderator: earthquake, many people have mentioned buried or smashed, and then the debris is not a lot of people lost their lives because of this? when buried in the earthquake, for example, we buried in the earthquake, how should we correct for help, so rescue workers find themselves early on?
Li Zonghao: this is very important, and buried the future depending on the circumstances, as soon as possible to find a space for good ventilation, On one hand, his breathing is good, the other for help when they were also heard, as far as possible according to their own circumstances to find some space for bigger, better ventilation, and can be associated with the above. The second, to the maximum To maintain their strength, to minimize consumption, not too loud noises, very anxious, very panicked, because they help to your rescue, but to make their own physical exertion of the powerful. I just told some people can withstand long hours, 7 days, 8 days, 10 days, if the panic physical exertion. In addition to a knock knock, hit a dozen, which makes the people around here know that side, at least some objective response, and perhaps also next to people buried there, and knock each other there is a kind of encouragement and determination in there a glimmer of hope. Premier Wen Jiabao at the disaster site with a horn loudspeaker, heard the certainly very encouraged to enhance their survival in the face of disaster and enhance their confidence, This is very important. we must have the confidence to survive, and to let people know there is life here, while maintaining their own physical strength.
Moderator: that is to be calmer, calm and not to have been shouting.
Li Zonghao: You can beat the right sound to maintain their own strength.
disaster must pay attention to the epidemic prevention of the occurrence of
Moderator: say that there must be big epidemic after the disaster, earthquake is not also accompanied by outbreaks of some diseases?
Li Zonghao: there is a certain reason, but also this is the case, the reason is simple, because the result of the earthquake not only destroyed the building, while the destruction of health facilities, the city which, sewer, toilet, that is, In rural areas where there are such problems, garbage, feces, etc., to explain the tsunami in Indonesia a big problem, so easy to pollute your water, pollution of the surrounding environment, mosquitoes breed bacteria, so a big epidemic after the disaster is justified.
we should note that the decay of the body, not only dead, rotting animal carcasses, fecal contamination, waste pollution, caused by the epidemic. Secondly, the people in the earthquake zone , water, food hygiene, are also affected, so the prevalence of disease has a very important issue to consider in advance to make full, to prevent the prevalence of these diseases.
Moderator: the prevalence of the disease in general will lead to What kinds of diseases?
Li Zonghao: This season should be more common food-borne diseases, and of course many factors, as well as mosquito-borne diseases, intestinal infectious diseases generally more common.
disaster must be Note that the incidence of tetanus and gas gangrene
Moderator: One of the rescue organization is not there to prevent the emergence of infectious diseases after the disaster it?
Li Zonghao: Yes, there are first aid, of course, it is important to help the back The problem, to say the first day, two days mainly for help, deal with trauma, surgery and so on. behind, because the disease specificity, because the soil is very dirty, earthquake of infection, coupled with the soil is very dirty, a lot of bacteria . Second, there are many earthquakes Popi, it is prone to infection. and there is a feature of the earthquake, with not the same as usual, the Tangshan earthquake rescue, I understand from the earthquake damage which two are terrible infection, a a tetanus, gas gangrene one of these two pathogenic bacteria are anaerobic bacteria to, just do not like oxygen, and very serious, usually we do not see this disease, has never seen such a disease, Tangshan to see a large number of earthquakes. tetanus smoked very powerful ventilation, apnea, and mortality was high, this is very serious, tetanus, one species of anaerobic bacteria, the mortality rate is high, very dangerous. The second called gas gangrene, this is a very powerful leg swelling, pain is very powerful, shiny legs, swollen, foul taste, high mortality rate. so that the two diseases are special, so this is to be noted. later, of course there are some intestinal diseases, climate change, the old rain, upper respiratory tract infection, the body weak, have pneumonia.
Moderator: like the two just mentioned, more serious, because the skin access to the material damage caused by some infections are not you?
Li Zonghao: Yes, but cryptic in the soil there, a lot.
Moderator: Rescue teams in this regard there were any errors to prevent this?
Li Zonghao: I do not know any other rescue teams, and I told the China International Rescue Team, said before the earthquake, because the anaerobic bacteria Well, slight non-closure of itself does not like oxygen, non-closure of minor injuries, with its features. because the soil bacteria which have such majority, who usually wound will break into the soil inside, no, this is a feature that we should be prepared, through a Tangshan earthquake relief, we can sum up a lot of experience and lessons learned in the growth of knowledge within the field of medicine. So why is it called medical rescue, there are a lot of rescue, medical aid that I put forward with the rescue of clinicians have the same, there are a lot different.
disaster food and water must be brought in from outside into the
Moderator: Because we have not come to the rescue site, so necessary in the water of life to the destruction of some of the facilities built after the disaster are now some of their food, water, how to do this is guaranteed ?
Li Zonghao: usually go out with, like the tsunami in Indonesia, particularly in our rescue teams, water, certainly not to drink the local water, because the whole of the health facilities are destroyed, there can be disinfected, etc. , the destruction of health facilities coupled with the dirty water, fecal contamination, etc., so the water should be brought into the outside, the food should be brought into the outside, and after recovery after, of course, gradually to recover. So we must go rescue team with a lot of things, both what they need to bring the wounded, as well as rescue workers themselves want, because we are a very important one, we must ensure the safety of their own rescue team.
Moderator: That is a lot of the disaster area material also depend on the support of the country.
Li Zonghao:'d not worry about this because we attach great importance to the CPC Central Committee and State Council, together with our fellow difficult one P Plus support, in some cases because of this I am not very clear, the road because of traffic congestion, will air through the will, these things will gradually be resolved.
encountered when aftershocks how to do? earthquake how to save themselves?
Moderator: After the earthquake is often accompanied by a number of aftershocks, experience how to do when the aftershocks?
Li Zonghao: Because frequent aftershocks after the earthquake, I see a 6.1 magnitude aftershock, after all, aftershocks, the earthquake, the idea is basically no more prepared for aftershocks of the case should be have fully prepared, I would like to or should deal with these problems they are right, things should have a disaster occurred belief. Second, we must take concrete missed. specific measures, if the cottage, opened the door Once again the aftershocks quickly out. living building, do not like, because the building does not really shock a few seconds, more than ten seconds, the aftershocks are generally not very long, if you want to run down the upstairs words, especially the third floor, fourth floor of a run, just hit the door just went down. so live in the building, of course, look at your situation, according to the local release of the circumstances, the local government must listen to the news release, you can live in it to live, not live on the inside to the outside, what if the situation a bit, have a thought for their own situation to find out their own home.
There are two theories, a theory that is, lying in the column under a bed board bottom, and now there are a lot of people do not support this theory. But three years ago in China, meeting in this area, known as the world's largest aid rescue team leader, an American captain who Kobe Bryant, he participated in 911 rescue work, he did the report, I have done the report, and we both appreciate each other, we both agreed to meet again later, simply do not have to meet back then I arranged for me in the Armed Police General Hospital, chaired the meeting, discussions with the rescue team. He made A triangular theory, he does not advocate lying in the columns below, if this column is to support, the mattress is support, no other cases but can be, but if the plywood is thin, and not necessarily good, and should find space for a relatively small house, like the foot of the wall, for example, the toilet, and then you stand in the inside Ye Hao, squatting good, because relatively strong bearing on the relatively safe, so he put forward three theories.
Moderator: But Do not stand near the wall is not to say you?
Li Zonghao: In a building inside, in your own room inside, the place you're looking for a load-bearing.
Moderator: load-bearing walls in the corner.
Li Zonghao: Right, Triangle Well, this is the latest theory, we discussed this issue, the talking about a grain of truth, for your reference. Do not look for one of the biggest house, you stand in the middle, so that you hit a certain hit, and if find a place that foot of the wall, load-bearing areas. Also, if you need to move along the outside of the outside alone, you want the necessities of life, if lived out, prevention of aftershocks, the local government that you can not live there You bring food, water, life must things, carry well. I reminded one, if there is chronic disease, and put the past often use the medicine with a good, so you can even though on the outside, not into the room, the drug also can be taken regularly, your body good. keep warm days, cool night, especially the larger people age, do not cause respiratory tract infection with these diseases. Therefore, the prevention of aftershocks, I think first, not the first time Sometimes earthquakes tend to panic, so be careful this time.
Moderator: Some people also said that if the building has been relatively high, and may be from the top floor of the relatively recently, is not to go up the top floor will be safe ?
Li Zonghao: Daohai not thought about the things I have, in short word, run, this process, because the real shock is more strongly a short few seconds, ten seconds, if the floor which I do not advocate run, especially not to run into the elevator, because what will power, or as soon as possible in their own position was one of the most safe place to find, running the stairs I do not think a good way.
Moderator: still looking for a strong point of the corner.
Li Zonghao: Yes, foot of the wall.
Moderator: If the table is very sturdy, steel table, or you can also hide the.
Li Zonghao: Certainly the.
disaster medical assistance most in need of blood
Moderator: In addition to the people inside the disaster area, as our people outside the disaster area, we are not concerned about the disaster all the time inside some of the situations on the outside these people very much like to know that they can hit what to do, we also launched a number of contributions, donations, the Ministry of Health also proposed that the earthquake is a great need for blood and need to donate blood with everyone, is not the case?
Li Zonghao: Because we just say, Earthquakes are a serious hazard, especially such as a 7.8 magnitude earthquake, serious disaster also means serious damage to the human body, and this injury at least in the first few days, mainly to trauma, often require surgery, surgery so often need blood, so I think such a situation occurs under the demand for blood is great, this is a concentrated within a short time a large number of wounded surgery, unlike the usual procedure is relatively long, focused on a few days, particularly in this emergency operation, rescue operation, are concentrated within a few days, so the number of requests for blood is great. I feel that our own countrymen, in the worst-hit by a major injury before It can be said as our compatriots, should be given the greatest possible help, give our love, blood donation is very important, I feel qualified, if possible, you should come to blood, to help Our fellow citizens affected by disasters, but also reflects a love of the Chinese nation, the Chinese nation has a fine tradition of life-saving and should be carried forward.
there is no exchange of medical rescue team measures?
Moderator: Because we know that Rescue teams work in the affected areas is very large, and very hard, and rescue team is also the State will arrange a replacement, rather than allow them to have a rescue team in the rescue work continues, there is no exchange of measures?
Li Zonghao: Of course there should be exchange, I want to rescue the one hand, it is a lot of work to make, we all have tolerance. Secondly, the psychological subject, you have not been to the disaster area, if you face facing such a severe disaster, the number of people facing death, facing the injured patient, mentally affected by the pressure is very great. When the tsunami in Indonesia, a colleague spent two weeks, I said to him, you must leave, usually for a week, ten days want to change, to be replaced. for seeking truth from facts, our scientific rescue, not to say that desperate in the rescue, of course, we have to start speaking scientific rescue, we have to protect yourself, if you please in such a serious environmental disaster, your spirit more and more stimulation in a long time you will crash, it is generally a week for about two weeks I think it is the limit, conditional or exchange it. both for his work efficiency, and protection of his health, his mental protection is very important, they must be swapped.
Moderator: to turn the team should have been changed in preparation, right?
Li Zonghao: I believe the relevant departments will take into consideration, I think China has a very good medical staff of traditional life-saving, all of them in major disasters, his dedication, we are willing to do such a thing .
Moderator: Thank you very much President Lee, as to the time of the interview is over today, I hope we can continue to focus on Sohu health, thank you!
experts:
Professor Li Zonghao relief of Chinese Association for Disaster Prevention Medical Association, who had worked in medical treatment after the Tangshan earthquake, tsunami and earthquake in Indonesia, he also invited by the international relief organization, disaster medical assistance to Indonesia to do the work of the professional inspection and assessment. For relief after major disasters, Li Zonghao with professional knowledge and real experience.
Moderator: friends, Hello everybody! Welcome to the Sohu health interview room. Since yesterday afternoon, Wenchuan earthquake to affect the hearts of people throughout the country, we are very concerned about the people after earthquake safety and health, but also want to know what they can do for the disaster area. So health Sohu specially invited to the China Disaster Prevention Association President Li Zonghao Rescue Medical Association.
Lee President, Hello!
Li Zonghao: Hello!
the earthquake disaster, what kind of features
Moderator: President Lee has personally participated in the Tangshan earthquake of medical rescue, medical relief work in now, I believe that today's interview will allow Earthquake rescue the majority of users understand the knowledge, they would have found a place they can contribute.
Lee President, we know you have participated in that year the rescue process of the Tangshan earthquake, Tangshan earthquake was also a 7.8 magnitude earthquake, which time is 7.8 earthquake in Sichuan earthquake, would like to ask what these two have the same earthquake and different? the earthquake is characterized by what?
Li Zonghao: Because of the earthquake epicenter, some of the situations we're not clear, but one thing is very clear, are very strong earthquake, 7.8 earthquake. quake inevitable casualties, there are different places, when the Tangshan earthquake in Tangshan, north China's industrial cities mm, the relative is a mountain, the population will not be so concentrated. But the problems brought about not the same, after 32 years have passed, these 32 years our country has also undergone a major change, economic take-off, the development of technology. in the world in terms of For the rescue, in the past called the emergency, the concept of the aid also changed. Now we rescue, and that is first to protect their own safety, to a good rescue, I am afraid that when we think of this relatively small, to thinking about how to save lives, is less a scientific concept.
generally taken up by the earthquake rescue team staff?
Moderator: Facing the unexpected earthquake, the state also sent rescue teams to respond quickly, earthquake rescue team is generally composed by whom? each share responsibility for what? the rescue of the process like?
Li Zonghao: The China International Rescue Team sent, that is, to the Indian Ocean tsunami in late 2004, called China International rescue teams, are one thing, the name is different. there are composed of three parts, part of an earthquake expert, part engineering, part of the medical staff there, I am a medical rescue personnel. The main body of China International Rescue Team should be the medical staff, yesterday afternoon went to 22 medical personnel, are the Armed Police General Hospital, Imperial Hou medical captain, he set up China International Rescue Team participated in almost all of the rescue. So now it should be said more relief number of scientific ideas, more modern rescue techniques, rescue more modern knowledge and skills should be said that different from previous years.
Moderator: Rescue workers in the rescue process is not there some danger ?
Li Zonghao: Yes, because it is not clear specific disaster, we can not have too many opinions. This is a very serious disaster, spread to many places, is now also organized rescue team. So in medical rescue, our most Injuries concern is the people most concerned about is how to rescue the patient, so naturally this is a very important issue. This is because of the earthquake there exists a medical emergency, we must first person out of you, can not be directly saved, so the rescue out of danger, this is a very difficult task, and then be able to carry out medical treatment.
medical rescue personnel should have the ability to escape disaster
Moderator: rescue program that is tantamount to a dedicated person, to the affected people from the rubble or trapped in the local rescue and medical personnel from the rescue.
Li Zonghao: Yes, it should be like this, called in the international EMS, emergency rescue service system, in fact, the medical professional rescue workers themselves have the ability to escape disaster. our country, Hong Kong's aid, mainly Fire Administration to do the following first aid, they are both medical personnel, but also a recovery operation workers, so these problems in the future of our country must be reformed, can not say that medical staff good hospital, the emergency rescue center is also good, but at the scene, especially the site of a disaster, not only the earthquake, the city which also has a lot of unexpected events, we will have to change. International Rescue team's medical staff after they are training, they have mastered the emergency scene, or even turbulent scene, the rescue out of danger, of course, in their medical knowledge and technology-based, we are now sending rescue teams by training them a little more, this should be said better. < br> For the affected people must be as soon as possible where
Moderator: We know that different situations have so-called prime-time emergency, the same earthquake relief is also prime time?
Li Zonghao: prime time is not on the earthquake relief say, because we generally know the golden rescue time, the case took place in the city are 5-6 minutes, 15 minutes, the earthquake relief can not be said, because there are many difficult earthquake relief, always the sooner the better, the first A rescue rescued the next day is better than good, this is certain, the sooner the better, the earthquake is very difficult, and some people can be saved for several days, or even seven or eight days, ten days have particular , because the body does not eat, drink, the capacity of people is still relatively strong, generally a few days, or even to the days, of course, the physical condition of each person is different, so there are a lot of talent to save the earthquake out.
Moderator: the work of rescue did not provide the number of days after that if no more survivors found in the words of the new stop rescue?
Li Zonghao: should not have this, this is not the same with the other, and sometimes if the person is pressure at the bottom, of course, well-developed science and technology now, and can detect, and some places may not be found, if he is in a certain position of ventilation, he was eating, drinking water has a strong capacity, if the breathing, ventilation is good, some people can survive ten days, ten days, so this case will not die, we try to carefully search for these, because if we accidentally omitted one or two little place, missing a few did not go to save lives, then I am sorry, of course, the sooner the better, yesterday, Premier Wen Jiabao also spoke, as early as one minute, one second earlier, survivors may be large, so we make every effort to do so things.
traffic barrier is the greatest difficulty encountered in rescue
Moderator: From a professional point of view of relief after the earthquake, as relief workers, the most afraid of what kind of situation encountered?
Li Zonghao: the most afraid to encounter, is hard to say these words, fear is not reach the scene, blocked the road.
Moderator: seems like this is caused by the earthquake.
Li Zonghao: Yes, this earthquake major problem is, because in the mountains, rolling the heavy rain, roads severely damaged. Conversely, I have been engaged in air rescue, and some people do not ask me how to fly helicopters, helicopters are also the limitations of air . we have to do everything possible to rescue, but also consider the safety of rescue workers, if helicopters in case of bad weather yesterday and this morning is very bad weather, helicopters to fly into is very dangerous. I am 2 February, March in Salt Lake City, just do the air rescue flight, because I a very good relationship with them, I used to do in the United States visiting professor at a university, because I know they are, very supportive of me, but there is one, I sign them in case of unexpected flight, you take responsibility, so the fear is to not site constraints.
earthquake in human spinal cord injury is the most serious
Moderator: Comparison of the earthquake that terrible disasters, will give people the body, including heart damage brought about which of these categories, what consequences?
Li Zonghao: Earthquake damage can be divided into two types, one is direct damage, direct damage Fangdaowuta, smashed, resulting in injury, which is a direct injury. there is a collateral damage, such as inside the house, Fangdaowuta, maybe gas pipelines, power lines pose a fire, can cause burns. fires burn, plastic, leather burn these things After a variety of toxic gases, which is of secondary disasters, is the collateral damage. about 1923, with 4 million people since the earthquake came on the withdrawal, to a large square, where they live, the results of wind direction changes, Mars blew past, as the square are all human beings, there are many flammable things, the results of a fire, 4 people burned to death 30,008 thousand people, so in particular, is a modern town, wires, gas pipes, etc., So is the modern city, the city is vulnerable, but who is also a very powerful survival depend on it. If the secondary disasters, earthquakes can cause landslides, flash floods, etc., can also cause some other damage. Therefore, the earthquake damage to the macro in terms of points direct damage and indirect damage. harm the human body is concerned, most of the main trauma, head fractures, limb fractures, I have participated in the Tangshan earthquake relief, impressed me the most, so I thought the most uncomfortable, and caused damage to the spine, because the injured after the cervical, thoracic, lumbar spine injury. a serious spinal injury, spinal cord injury, who will be paralysis, paraplegia, will be very serious.
but now we have from a large number statistics show that many of paraplegia is not fatal, but also not at the time that a considerable part because of our improper handling, for example, when we see that wounded the search, and we are very pleased to put He pulled out, dragged out, pay no attention to the proper handling methods, you hold his arm, I pulled the legs, and even carrying him, or even take a blanket, put people on top, four people, each person carried over to take a corner, or even soft stretchers, canvas stretchers, temporary Na Shengsuo make a stretcher, etc., so that an incorrect handling process, the bad, inappropriate handling tools, distortion of the spine makes a great degree, the oscillation is very powerful, making the spine fracture is severe, resulting in paraplegia, a considerable number of people. paraplegia occurred after a heavy social and family burden, to bring life to his personal misfortune, so this is a very big trauma, especially paraplegia.
Moderator : Now rescue team is not in this area already has enough full consciousness?
Li Zonghao: At least the Chinese national earthquake disaster relief workers should have a high degree of understanding, because I was their consultant, rescue team level, should be that I have spent a lot of effort, when the newly established National Earthquake disaster when the rescue team, more earthquake experts and engineers, I insisted on a medical rescue personnel, must have our medical staff, and we, the medical personnel, have been standard training, in addition they have good medical knowledge, but also through international training, but also through practice.
wounded in the rescue must be carried out when the triage
Moderator: In addition to these professional rescue personnel, we know a lot of victims are to carry out self-help, such as a man, seeing the people were buried, you can pull him out this time should be how to correct treatment is to first get him out again, or until emergency personnel say that if to pull him out, then, how should I do?
Li Zonghao: Now the whole country in a difficult one P Plus support, of course, above all, to extricate him from the predicament, this is the first step, otherwise can not make medical treatment. predicament which to free him, the professional rescue workers understand about this, but we the public, because people need to help each other, so be sure to see the wounded in here, be sure to time in the moving careful. I see them performing in the developed countries, when people were buried beneath this somewhere, they of course is a simulation, he moved to what things are very careful, and that we must be very careful, lest further damage. out of time, are in a horizontal plane, for example the head, then a board that plugs into your back, carried him out, and then the rescue.
because we are faced with a large number of sick and wounded, the traditional practice with us is not the same, with us inside the rescue of a patient not the same, there is special attention to triage, is to check your injury classification, four general points, the whole world uniform standard, with the colors, red, yellow, green, black. medical tag, red, such as we face a hundred injured, your medical resources are limited, your environment is very tense, the heaviest life in a moment of crisis, this is assigned to red, heavy, almost a little more than red yellow, green, slightly lighter, you can not handle being in general slightly injured, black, is dead. of red, yellow, green, according to you this case, will arrange the distribution of your medical power, the tsunami in Indonesia, planarity major disaster rescue team colleagues our good, this is very important, and some people think that the beginning immediately for emergency treatment, it does not, of course, to be a heavy rescue, as a captain or an experienced person, take him into the red, yellow, green, black, and then classify treatment.
earthquake buried personnel must pay attention to your energy
Moderator: earthquake, many people have mentioned buried or smashed, and then the debris is not a lot of people lost their lives because of this? when buried in the earthquake, for example, we buried in the earthquake, how should we correct for help, so rescue workers find themselves early on?
Li Zonghao: this is very important, and buried the future depending on the circumstances, as soon as possible to find a space for good ventilation, On one hand, his breathing is good, the other for help when they were also heard, as far as possible according to their own circumstances to find some space for bigger, better ventilation, and can be associated with the above. The second, to the maximum To maintain their strength, to minimize consumption, not too loud noises, very anxious, very panicked, because they help to your rescue, but to make their own physical exertion of the powerful. I just told some people can withstand long hours, 7 days, 8 days, 10 days, if the panic physical exertion. In addition to a knock knock, hit a dozen, which makes the people around here know that side, at least some objective response, and perhaps also next to people buried there, and knock each other there is a kind of encouragement and determination in there a glimmer of hope. Premier Wen Jiabao at the disaster site with a horn loudspeaker, heard the certainly very encouraged to enhance their survival in the face of disaster and enhance their confidence, This is very important. we must have the confidence to survive, and to let people know there is life here, while maintaining their own physical strength.
Moderator: that is to be calmer, calm and not to have been shouting.
Li Zonghao: You can beat the right sound to maintain their own strength.
disaster must pay attention to the epidemic prevention of the occurrence of
Moderator: say that there must be big epidemic after the disaster, earthquake is not also accompanied by outbreaks of some diseases?
Li Zonghao: there is a certain reason, but also this is the case, the reason is simple, because the result of the earthquake not only destroyed the building, while the destruction of health facilities, the city which, sewer, toilet, that is, In rural areas where there are such problems, garbage, feces, etc., to explain the tsunami in Indonesia a big problem, so easy to pollute your water, pollution of the surrounding environment, mosquitoes breed bacteria, so a big epidemic after the disaster is justified.
we should note that the decay of the body, not only dead, rotting animal carcasses, fecal contamination, waste pollution, caused by the epidemic. Secondly, the people in the earthquake zone , water, food hygiene, are also affected, so the prevalence of disease has a very important issue to consider in advance to make full, to prevent the prevalence of these diseases.
Moderator: the prevalence of the disease in general will lead to What kinds of diseases?
Li Zonghao: This season should be more common food-borne diseases, and of course many factors, as well as mosquito-borne diseases, intestinal infectious diseases generally more common.
disaster must be Note that the incidence of tetanus and gas gangrene
Moderator: One of the rescue organization is not there to prevent the emergence of infectious diseases after the disaster it?
Li Zonghao: Yes, there are first aid, of course, it is important to help the back The problem, to say the first day, two days mainly for help, deal with trauma, surgery and so on. behind, because the disease specificity, because the soil is very dirty, earthquake of infection, coupled with the soil is very dirty, a lot of bacteria . Second, there are many earthquakes Popi, it is prone to infection. and there is a feature of the earthquake, with not the same as usual, the Tangshan earthquake rescue, I understand from the earthquake damage which two are terrible infection, a a tetanus, gas gangrene one of these two pathogenic bacteria are anaerobic bacteria to, just do not like oxygen, and very serious, usually we do not see this disease, has never seen such a disease, Tangshan to see a large number of earthquakes. tetanus smoked very powerful ventilation, apnea, and mortality was high, this is very serious, tetanus, one species of anaerobic bacteria, the mortality rate is high, very dangerous. The second called gas gangrene, this is a very powerful leg swelling, pain is very powerful, shiny legs, swollen, foul taste, high mortality rate. so that the two diseases are special, so this is to be noted. later, of course there are some intestinal diseases, climate change, the old rain, upper respiratory tract infection, the body weak, have pneumonia.
Moderator: like the two just mentioned, more serious, because the skin access to the material damage caused by some infections are not you?
Li Zonghao: Yes, but cryptic in the soil there, a lot.
Moderator: Rescue teams in this regard there were any errors to prevent this?
Li Zonghao: I do not know any other rescue teams, and I told the China International Rescue Team, said before the earthquake, because the anaerobic bacteria Well, slight non-closure of itself does not like oxygen, non-closure of minor injuries, with its features. because the soil bacteria which have such majority, who usually wound will break into the soil inside, no, this is a feature that we should be prepared, through a Tangshan earthquake relief, we can sum up a lot of experience and lessons learned in the growth of knowledge within the field of medicine. So why is it called medical rescue, there are a lot of rescue, medical aid that I put forward with the rescue of clinicians have the same, there are a lot different.
disaster food and water must be brought in from outside into the
Moderator: Because we have not come to the rescue site, so necessary in the water of life to the destruction of some of the facilities built after the disaster are now some of their food, water, how to do this is guaranteed ?
Li Zonghao: usually go out with, like the tsunami in Indonesia, particularly in our rescue teams, water, certainly not to drink the local water, because the whole of the health facilities are destroyed, there can be disinfected, etc. , the destruction of health facilities coupled with the dirty water, fecal contamination, etc., so the water should be brought into the outside, the food should be brought into the outside, and after recovery after, of course, gradually to recover. So we must go rescue team with a lot of things, both what they need to bring the wounded, as well as rescue workers themselves want, because we are a very important one, we must ensure the safety of their own rescue team.
Moderator: That is a lot of the disaster area material also depend on the support of the country.
Li Zonghao:'d not worry about this because we attach great importance to the CPC Central Committee and State Council, together with our fellow difficult one P Plus support, in some cases because of this I am not very clear, the road because of traffic congestion, will air through the will, these things will gradually be resolved.
encountered when aftershocks how to do? earthquake how to save themselves?
Moderator: After the earthquake is often accompanied by a number of aftershocks, experience how to do when the aftershocks?
Li Zonghao: Because frequent aftershocks after the earthquake, I see a 6.1 magnitude aftershock, after all, aftershocks, the earthquake, the idea is basically no more prepared for aftershocks of the case should be have fully prepared, I would like to or should deal with these problems they are right, things should have a disaster occurred belief. Second, we must take concrete missed. specific measures, if the cottage, opened the door Once again the aftershocks quickly out. living building, do not like, because the building does not really shock a few seconds, more than ten seconds, the aftershocks are generally not very long, if you want to run down the upstairs words, especially the third floor, fourth floor of a run, just hit the door just went down. so live in the building, of course, look at your situation, according to the local release of the circumstances, the local government must listen to the news release, you can live in it to live, not live on the inside to the outside, what if the situation a bit, have a thought for their own situation to find out their own home.
There are two theories, a theory that is, lying in the column under a bed board bottom, and now there are a lot of people do not support this theory. But three years ago in China, meeting in this area, known as the world's largest aid rescue team leader, an American captain who Kobe Bryant, he participated in 911 rescue work, he did the report, I have done the report, and we both appreciate each other, we both agreed to meet again later, simply do not have to meet back then I arranged for me in the Armed Police General Hospital, chaired the meeting, discussions with the rescue team. He made A triangular theory, he does not advocate lying in the columns below, if this column is to support, the mattress is support, no other cases but can be, but if the plywood is thin, and not necessarily good, and should find space for a relatively small house, like the foot of the wall, for example, the toilet, and then you stand in the inside Ye Hao, squatting good, because relatively strong bearing on the relatively safe, so he put forward three theories.
Moderator: But Do not stand near the wall is not to say you?
Li Zonghao: In a building inside, in your own room inside, the place you're looking for a load-bearing.
Moderator: load-bearing walls in the corner.
Li Zonghao: Right, Triangle Well, this is the latest theory, we discussed this issue, the talking about a grain of truth, for your reference. Do not look for one of the biggest house, you stand in the middle, so that you hit a certain hit, and if find a place that foot of the wall, load-bearing areas. Also, if you need to move along the outside of the outside alone, you want the necessities of life, if lived out, prevention of aftershocks, the local government that you can not live there You bring food, water, life must things, carry well. I reminded one, if there is chronic disease, and put the past often use the medicine with a good, so you can even though on the outside, not into the room, the drug also can be taken regularly, your body good. keep warm days, cool night, especially the larger people age, do not cause respiratory tract infection with these diseases. Therefore, the prevention of aftershocks, I think first, not the first time Sometimes earthquakes tend to panic, so be careful this time.
Moderator: Some people also said that if the building has been relatively high, and may be from the top floor of the relatively recently, is not to go up the top floor will be safe ?
Li Zonghao: Daohai not thought about the things I have, in short word, run, this process, because the real shock is more strongly a short few seconds, ten seconds, if the floor which I do not advocate run, especially not to run into the elevator, because what will power, or as soon as possible in their own position was one of the most safe place to find, running the stairs I do not think a good way.
Moderator: still looking for a strong point of the corner.
Li Zonghao: Yes, foot of the wall.
Moderator: If the table is very sturdy, steel table, or you can also hide the.
Li Zonghao: Certainly the.
disaster medical assistance most in need of blood
Moderator: In addition to the people inside the disaster area, as our people outside the disaster area, we are not concerned about the disaster all the time inside some of the situations on the outside these people very much like to know that they can hit what to do, we also launched a number of contributions, donations, the Ministry of Health also proposed that the earthquake is a great need for blood and need to donate blood with everyone, is not the case?
Li Zonghao: Because we just say, Earthquakes are a serious hazard, especially such as a 7.8 magnitude earthquake, serious disaster also means serious damage to the human body, and this injury at least in the first few days, mainly to trauma, often require surgery, surgery so often need blood, so I think such a situation occurs under the demand for blood is great, this is a concentrated within a short time a large number of wounded surgery, unlike the usual procedure is relatively long, focused on a few days, particularly in this emergency operation, rescue operation, are concentrated within a few days, so the number of requests for blood is great. I feel that our own countrymen, in the worst-hit by a major injury before It can be said as our compatriots, should be given the greatest possible help, give our love, blood donation is very important, I feel qualified, if possible, you should come to blood, to help Our fellow citizens affected by disasters, but also reflects a love of the Chinese nation, the Chinese nation has a fine tradition of life-saving and should be carried forward.
there is no exchange of medical rescue team measures?
Moderator: Because we know that Rescue teams work in the affected areas is very large, and very hard, and rescue team is also the State will arrange a replacement, rather than allow them to have a rescue team in the rescue work continues, there is no exchange of measures?
Li Zonghao: Of course there should be exchange, I want to rescue the one hand, it is a lot of work to make, we all have tolerance. Secondly, the psychological subject, you have not been to the disaster area, if you face facing such a severe disaster, the number of people facing death, facing the injured patient, mentally affected by the pressure is very great. When the tsunami in Indonesia, a colleague spent two weeks, I said to him, you must leave, usually for a week, ten days want to change, to be replaced. for seeking truth from facts, our scientific rescue, not to say that desperate in the rescue, of course, we have to start speaking scientific rescue, we have to protect yourself, if you please in such a serious environmental disaster, your spirit more and more stimulation in a long time you will crash, it is generally a week for about two weeks I think it is the limit, conditional or exchange it. both for his work efficiency, and protection of his health, his mental protection is very important, they must be swapped.
Moderator: to turn the team should have been changed in preparation, right?
Li Zonghao: I believe the relevant departments will take into consideration, I think China has a very good medical staff of traditional life-saving, all of them in major disasters, his dedication, we are willing to do such a thing .
Moderator: Thank you very much President Lee, as to the time of the interview is over today, I hope we can continue to focus on Sohu health, thank you!
experts:
Professor Li Zonghao relief of Chinese Association for Disaster Prevention Medical Association, who had worked in medical treatment after the Tangshan earthquake, tsunami and earthquake in Indonesia, he also invited by the international relief organization, disaster medical assistance to Indonesia to do the work of the professional inspection and assessment. For relief after major disasters, Li Zonghao with professional knowledge and real experience.
Sunday, December 26, 2010
Want to say ...
I want to say, but do not want to say.
I think I move around a bright place, possibly on the way will offend many people, but I always think this is the right direction.
Afternoon returned to the company, has been staring at the screen in a daze. mind which has been repeating the same picture.
call over and over again with the already strange that when this number appears on caller ID when they response to the number who do not come out.
over and over again hearing the same ring tones, I finally stopped, and I know she wants what is thrown at me.
slowly change the character of a person when, is not it would have been many, many do not understand? but I still have to do it, forgive me.
remember a song , I know ... as long as you completely get rid of me, you will be very good. The only way to get rid of is not contact me, do not contact condition is you hate me ...
I think I move around a bright place, possibly on the way will offend many people, but I always think this is the right direction.
Afternoon returned to the company, has been staring at the screen in a daze. mind which has been repeating the same picture.
call over and over again with the already strange that when this number appears on caller ID when they response to the number who do not come out.
over and over again hearing the same ring tones, I finally stopped, and I know she wants what is thrown at me.
slowly change the character of a person when, is not it would have been many, many do not understand? but I still have to do it, forgive me.
remember a song , I know ... as long as you completely get rid of me, you will be very good. The only way to get rid of is not contact me, do not contact condition is you hate me ...
Wednesday, December 22, 2010
In fact, happiness drops do thirty-eight
Swear in the name of God, I have never regretted that he is a woman, on the contrary, no matter what, I will say that I am willing to be a woman. Ms. Bing said: the world's less of a woman to fifty percent less True, Sixty per cent of good Seventy percent of the United States. a Fucai, deeply course, can fully appreciate the beauty of goodness, is that I will continue to choose to be the root cause of women.
But I pity mother, burdened with the pressure of the family line, she is the biggest regret in this life he did not give birth to a son, so when I was born with twin sisters, our nickname is: a lot, more than over. A burdened with pressure the girls grew up, how much effort it takes in your heart to re-establish a value system? Fortunately, but also reading, but also have good results, in that All things are beneath contempt, only a high school years, is a single way, but also glad it is single, and people get lost no choice.
people invented many words are quite interesting, including a woman used to refer to if the meaning of the word, or derogatory, meaning the majority does not respect (the latter by Deduction: bitch), as an anniversary, the festival has become the largest or the taste, the struggle for women's liberation, so on, but fighters are always debating this end, holiday or not, women should not take care of, including the most recent start on the mouth of the vacation leave not usually become a hot topic of menstruation in the end will not become a statutory holiday? hh is the result of equality between men and women more and more, all knowledge is very rich, very OPEN, all the shy or can be ripped off the implicit Banzhebanyan.
thirty-eight hot: When the women can have an official holiday period
Zhang Xiaomei: female menstrual leave of the Legislative | male point of view: the grim aftermath of menstrual leave | gynecologist: Menstrual should not leave
However, I personally think this thing is really pig, and a result, any woman can does not matter to let everyone know her vacation leave up? Secondly, if a little common sense, work together or in close contact with women, the menstrual period of time will be convergence, that is the department that time female employees have a collective break ah?
I beg you not to take care of us in this regard that the!!
when reading Kaoyan competition, teachers are willing to recruit male students, like recruitment, are willing to use the boys, and then feeling about the workplace, what are the men to climb in courteous to women one-third of the way? I do not think any boss would be the basis of gender, according to two sets of programs to require employees to the performance of it.
the world, many things are in balance, I would like to own an attentive women, less willing to bear the expectations of the world, willing to not be the cause of success, willing to take the hard work of having children, because I think a woman can learn to do more good feelings. kindergartens for the children of the balloons, love cards, as well as a carnation and let the children to Mother. Peas seriousness, said to me: Mom, Mom, this roses I bought from the nursery to you! (which proved the man to please a woman, is nature, even if he is only a year-old child, which can not blame our vanity, and are you trained to be coddled.)
six in the morning (I think in the past nine, should be counted in the morning .. ..), KIKI received SMS, and wished me happy holidays, I am depressed, not knowing she was kind wishes, it also reminds that I should get up and do housework?
the world because you're so beautiful.
science: Three eight of the origin of the
1903 �� 3 8, the city of Chicago against the bourgeoisie to oppress women, exploitation, and discrimination, for freedom and equality, held a general strike and demonstrations. The majority of the labor struggle by the U.S. Women's support and enthusiastic response .1910, a number of advanced countries, women in the Danish capital Copenhagen at the Second International Congress of Socialist Women. General Assembly, presided over the meeting of the German socialist revolutionary Zetkin's proposal, in order to strengthen the world of labor women's solidarity and support women's struggle for freedom and equality, the provisions of the March 8 every year as the International Women's Day.
the United Nations began in 1975 to celebrate International Women's International Women's Day, from working women to fight for world peace, fight for the rights of women and children, the struggle for the emancipation of women a great holiday.
founding of the PRC, the Central People's Government Administration Council in December 1949 issue a general order, set March 8 for women section.
But I pity mother, burdened with the pressure of the family line, she is the biggest regret in this life he did not give birth to a son, so when I was born with twin sisters, our nickname is: a lot, more than over. A burdened with pressure the girls grew up, how much effort it takes in your heart to re-establish a value system? Fortunately, but also reading, but also have good results, in that All things are beneath contempt, only a high school years, is a single way, but also glad it is single, and people get lost no choice.
people invented many words are quite interesting, including a woman used to refer to if the meaning of the word, or derogatory, meaning the majority does not respect (the latter by Deduction: bitch), as an anniversary, the festival has become the largest or the taste, the struggle for women's liberation, so on, but fighters are always debating this end, holiday or not, women should not take care of, including the most recent start on the mouth of the vacation leave not usually become a hot topic of menstruation in the end will not become a statutory holiday? hh is the result of equality between men and women more and more, all knowledge is very rich, very OPEN, all the shy or can be ripped off the implicit Banzhebanyan.
thirty-eight hot: When the women can have an official holiday period
Zhang Xiaomei: female menstrual leave of the Legislative | male point of view: the grim aftermath of menstrual leave | gynecologist: Menstrual should not leave
However, I personally think this thing is really pig, and a result, any woman can does not matter to let everyone know her vacation leave up? Secondly, if a little common sense, work together or in close contact with women, the menstrual period of time will be convergence, that is the department that time female employees have a collective break ah?
I beg you not to take care of us in this regard that the!!
when reading Kaoyan competition, teachers are willing to recruit male students, like recruitment, are willing to use the boys, and then feeling about the workplace, what are the men to climb in courteous to women one-third of the way? I do not think any boss would be the basis of gender, according to two sets of programs to require employees to the performance of it.
the world, many things are in balance, I would like to own an attentive women, less willing to bear the expectations of the world, willing to not be the cause of success, willing to take the hard work of having children, because I think a woman can learn to do more good feelings. kindergartens for the children of the balloons, love cards, as well as a carnation and let the children to Mother. Peas seriousness, said to me: Mom, Mom, this roses I bought from the nursery to you! (which proved the man to please a woman, is nature, even if he is only a year-old child, which can not blame our vanity, and are you trained to be coddled.)
six in the morning (I think in the past nine, should be counted in the morning .. ..), KIKI received SMS, and wished me happy holidays, I am depressed, not knowing she was kind wishes, it also reminds that I should get up and do housework?
the world because you're so beautiful.
science: Three eight of the origin of the
1903 �� 3 8, the city of Chicago against the bourgeoisie to oppress women, exploitation, and discrimination, for freedom and equality, held a general strike and demonstrations. The majority of the labor struggle by the U.S. Women's support and enthusiastic response .1910, a number of advanced countries, women in the Danish capital Copenhagen at the Second International Congress of Socialist Women. General Assembly, presided over the meeting of the German socialist revolutionary Zetkin's proposal, in order to strengthen the world of labor women's solidarity and support women's struggle for freedom and equality, the provisions of the March 8 every year as the International Women's Day.
the United Nations began in 1975 to celebrate International Women's International Women's Day, from working women to fight for world peace, fight for the rights of women and children, the struggle for the emancipation of women a great holiday.
founding of the PRC, the Central People's Government Administration Council in December 1949 issue a general order, set March 8 for women section.
Tuesday, December 21, 2010
Bian Jianxin Resume
Stories of world champion Bian Jianxin Bian Jianxin About
female Han January 1974 members were born in Inner Mongolia Baotou, Inner Mongolia University of Technology Department of Foreign Languages, Hebei native was graduated from Baotou in China's Political Consultative Conference member of the CPPCC Standing Committee of Baotou City, Inner Mongolia Youth mutilated Association Vice-Chairman on behalf of the current Communist Party Congress declared CDPF Ministry of Baotou City of Sydney, deputy director of Beijing Olympic champion in Athens Bangkok Beijing three three Far South Korea South Korea third title in Dubai, Malaysia is currently the world champion women's 60 kg class world record in Olympic record maintained in 40 kg 44 kg 52 kg 48 kg class class class 60kg Asian record holder in five levels the first Chinese women's weightlifting world champion so far disabled as the country won a total of 17 gold medals forty times the international China's bid to break the record ambassador
2008 Performance
female Han January 1974 members were born in Inner Mongolia Baotou, Inner Mongolia University of Technology Department of Foreign Languages, Hebei native was graduated from Baotou in China's Political Consultative Conference member of the CPPCC Standing Committee of Baotou City, Inner Mongolia Youth mutilated Association Vice-Chairman on behalf of the current Communist Party Congress declared CDPF Ministry of Baotou City of Sydney, deputy director of Beijing Olympic champion in Athens Bangkok Beijing three three Far South Korea South Korea third title in Dubai, Malaysia is currently the world champion women's 60 kg class world record in Olympic record maintained in 40 kg 44 kg 52 kg 48 kg class class class 60kg Asian record holder in five levels the first Chinese women's weightlifting world champion so far disabled as the country won a total of 17 gold medals forty times the international China's bid to break the record ambassador
2008 Performance
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